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安装Docker

Docker 是一个开源的容器化平台，用于开发、交付和运行应用程序。 它允许开发者将应用程序及其依赖项打包到一个轻量级、可移植的容器中，然后在任何支持 Docker 的环境中运行。 Docker 的核心思想是通过容器化技术实现“一次构建，随处运行”的目标。

安装方法​

# step 1: 安装必要的一些系统工具
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl gnupg

# step 2: 信任 Docker 的 GPG 公钥
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

# Step 3: 写入软件源信息
echo \
"deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
"$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")" stable" | \
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

# Step 4: 安装Docker
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

# 安装指定版本的Docker-CE:
# Step 1: 查找Docker-CE的版本:
# apt-cache madison docker-ce
#   docker-ce | 17.03.1~ce-0~ubuntu-xenial | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu xenial/stable amd64 Packages
#   docker-ce | 17.03.0~ce-0~ubuntu-xenial | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu xenial/stable amd64 Packages
# Step 2: 安装指定版本的Docker-CE: (VERSION例如上面的17.03.1~ce-0~ubuntu-xenial)
# sudo apt-get -y install docker-ce=[VERSION]

安装检验​

docker version
# 安装成功输出如下：
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           26.0.0
 API version:       1.45
 Go version:        go1.21.8
 Git commit:        2ae903e
 Built:             Wed Mar 20 15:21:09 2024
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          26.1.0
  API version:      1.45 (minimum version 1.24)
  Go version:       go1.21.9
  Git commit:       c8af8eb
  Built:            Mon Apr 22 17:08:46 2024
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.6.28
  GitCommit:        ae07eda36dd25f8a1b98dfbf587313b99c0190bb
 runc:
  Version:          1.1.12
  GitCommit:        v1.1.12-0-g51d5e94
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

启动Docker​

sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker

检查Docker启动状态​

sudo systemctl status docker
# docker运行正常，会有如下输出：
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2024-10-29 18:21:24 CST; 1 months 17 days ago
     Docs: https://docs.docker.com
 Main PID: 20454 (dockerd)
    Tasks: 208
   Memory: 7.5G
   CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
           ├─14928 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 18081 -container-ip 172.22.0.3 -container-port 8081
           ├─20454 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
           ├─20773 /usr/bin/docker-proxy -proto tcp -host-ip 0.0.0.0 -host-port 27017 -container-ip 172.25.0.2 -container-port 27017